Angkor Thom Travel Guide
Angkor Thom history
Angkor Thom, established in the late 12th century by the revered King Jayavarman VII, was the final and most glorious capital of the Khmer Empire. This grand city, rich in symbolism and architectural mastery, served as a political, cultural and spiritual center at the height of Cambodia’s golden era. Enclosed by a massive square wall measuring 3 kilometers on each side, Angkor Thom is accessed through five monumental gates, each adorned with towering stone faces and flanked by dramatic processional causeways.
At its core stands the iconic Bayon Temple, famous for its enigmatic smiling faces and detailed carvings that depict everyday life and historical events. Other remarkable landmarks within the complex include the Terrace of the Elephants, once used for royal ceremonies and parades, and the Terrace of the Leper King, shrouded in mystery and legend. For travelers seeking a deeper connection to Cambodia’s ancient legacy, Cambodia tours often include Angkor Thom as a highlight – offering a profound journey into the heart of Khmer civilization.
The Sites
Angkor Thom spans a vast area of 9 square kilometers, enclosed by a majestic wall and a protective moat, symbolizing the universe in Khmer cosmology. This impressive wall features five monumental entrance gates – one each on the north, west and south walls, and two on the east wall, including the famed Victory Gate. Each gate rises to a height of 20 meters and is richly decorated with stone carvings of elephant trunks on either side of the causeway, while the tops are adorned with four colossal faces of Avalokiteshvara, the compassionate bodhisattva, gazing out serenely in the cardinal directions.
At the heart of the city stands the iconic Bayon Temple, but Angkor Thom holds many other treasures. Most of the main monuments are found east and west of the Victory Square, forming a grand ceremonial and spiritual center. From south to north on the western side, visitors encounter the Baphuon, the Terrace of the Elephants, the temple of Phimeanakas, the ancient Royal Palace, the Terrace of the Leper King, and the serene temples of Tep Pranam and Preah Palilay. On the eastern side, key structures include the elegant Prasats Suor Prat towers, the South and North Khleangs and the intricately detailed Preah Pithu group. Each site within Angkor Thom offers a glimpse into the architectural grandeur and spiritual depth of the ancient Khmer Empire.
When to go?
The cool dry season, typically from November to February, is widely considered the best time to visit Cambodia, thanks to its comfortable temperatures and clear skies – ideal for sightseeing and outdoor activities. However, if your main focus is exploring temples, the wet season (from May to October) can also be a rewarding time to travel. During this period, the moats surrounding the temples are full, creating picturesque reflections, and the surrounding landscapes become lush and vibrant with greenery. While you’ll need to be prepared for frequent downpours and muddy paths, the atmosphere is quieter, with fewer tourists and the temples appear even more mystical and serene under the rain-washed skies.
Travel tips
Touring the temples of Cambodia can be a hot, humid and physically demanding experience, so it’s important to dress wisely. Opt for lightweight, breathable and modest clothing that keeps you cool while also providing protection from the intense sun and mosquitoes – especially in jungle-covered temple areas. Long sleeves and pants made from airy fabrics are ideal. Consider picking up a traditional Khmer scarf (krama), which locals use to shield their necks and heads from the sun and dust – it’s stylish and functional.
Don’t forget sun protection essentials: a wide-brimmed hat, UV-blocking sunglasses and sunscreen are must-haves, especially during midday hours when the sun is strongest. If you’re visiting during the wet season (May to October), carry a light raincoat or poncho – sudden afternoon showers are common, but short-lived.
Be sure to apply mosquito repellent, particularly during sunrise and sunset, when the insects are most active. And when it comes to footwear, choose comfortable, practical shoes with good grip – many temples feature steep, narrow steps and uneven stone paths that require stable footing.